Within a year, he had built the worlds first laser printer, launching a new era in computer printing, generating billions of dollars in revenue for Xerox. When was the word "computer" first used? Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? The banking industry rushed to adopt the machine, built to run during repair or expansion. The 400 served primarily as a game console, while the 800 was more of a home computer. Apollo was a leading innovator in the workstation field for more than a decade, and was acquired by Hewlett-Packard in 1989. Information systems whose purpose is to glean from raw data relationships and trends that might help organizations compete better are called business intelligence (BI) systems. Which instructional software function would probably be the most appropriate choice for allowing students to discover rules for genetics? It was the world's first commercial 16-bit minicomputer and 172 systems were sold. One of the earliest and most popular pieces of software for microcomputers was the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. FoxBase is a database management system and programming language developed by Fox Software in the mid-1980s. The Altair 8800, produced by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) and invented by Ed Roberts, was originally sold as a kit. By 2011, over 2.4 million laptops had been shipped. What feature of modern productivity tools makes it possible for files created in one software product to be opened in another software product? The Altair had no keyboard and could not be connected to a television screen. Scientific and defense applications included studies of human electrophysiology, nuclear weapon simulation, human genome mapping, and global climate change. 1945: Memex Xerox PARC physicist Gary Starkweather realizes in 1967 that exposing a copy machines light-sensitive drum to a paper original isnt the only way to create an image. spreadsheet What is the function of an IEP generator? "Best study app ever! The Retina display became standard on most of the iPad, iPhone, MacBook, and Apple Watch product lines. True/False B. OS/2 will continue to be used in special The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. It was a commercial computer based on a microprocessor, the Intel 8008. The Baby was built to test a new memory technology developed by Williams and Kilburn -- soon known as the Williams Tube which was the first high-speed electronic random access memory for computers. The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. The 2116A is HPs first computer. Columbia was used in space vehicle analysis, including studying the Columbia disaster, but also in astrophysics, weather and ocean modeling. Description. Acorn's ARM RISC microprocessor is first used in the company's Archimedes computer system. The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. Eventually, SABRE expanded, even making airline reservations available via on-line services such as CompuServe, Genie, and America Online. So in 1971, Starkweather transferred to Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), away from corporate oversight. What type of online learning is used the least in K-12 educational contexts? With a screen resolution of up to 400 pixels-per-inch (PPI), Retina displays approached the limit of pixel visibility to the human eye. What is a distinguishing feature of instructional software? SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. The result was the Relay Interpolator, later called the Bell Labs Model II. The 486 chips remained similar in structure to their predecessors, the 386 chips. Dropout rates are higher in online courses. What characteristic is common to most Personalized Learning Systems (PLS)? All these previous chips set the stage for the first PC processors. Quizlet is the only app you need to study and learn. Steve Jobs, forced out of Apple in 1985, founds a new company NeXT. The electronic circuits (registers) of the arithmetic- logic unit perform both the arithmetic and logic functions needed for the software instructions to be executed. Altair 8800 Microcomputer | National Museum of American History Many of the 1101s basic architectural details were used again in later Remington-Rand computers until the 1960s. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. Intel's first microprocessor, a 1/16-by-1/8-inch chip called the 4004, had the same computing power as the massive ENIAC. The first generation of Palm-produced devices, the Palm 1000 and 5000, are based around a Motorola microprocessor running at 16MHz, and uses a special gestural input language called Graffiti, which is quick to learn and fast. What type of web-based creation is produced when students submit their written or artistic products to a website? The machines were used by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to run massive solar energy simulations, as well as some of the most complex molecular studies ever undertaken. Wang was a successful calculator manufacturer, then a successful word processor company. This keyboard design was dubbed the Butterfly. The need for such a design was lessened as laptop screens grew wider. The PDP-8 sold for $18,000, one-fifth the price of a small IBM System/360 mainframe. The ad featured the destruction of Big Brother a veiled reference to IBM -- through the power of personal computing found in a Macintosh. If a social studies teacher wanted to poll students anonymously about their opinions on a local issue, what tool might she use to gather their data? [1] Raspberry Pi, a popular modern-class microcomputer A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer having a central processing unit (CPU) made out of a microprocessor. Which of the following is not a file format in which audio-video files can be imported from a source and stored in a computer? It had no operating system, but it did recognize commands entered via a row of switches. Applications were also highly innovative: a WYSISYG word processor known as Bravo, a paint program, a graphics editor, and email for example. DSKY interface for the Apollo Guidance Computer. Joe Thompson at Whirlwind console, ca. A Brief History of the Microcomputer - TurboFuture When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. Physicist Stan Frankel, intrigued by small, general-purpose computers, developed the MINAC at Caltech. The knowledge and technologies developed for the Stretch project played a major role in the design, management, and manufacture of the later IBM System/360--the most successful computer family in IBM history. Built by IBM using their Blue Gene/Q supercomputer architecture, the Sequoia system is the world's fastest supercomputer in 2012. The first IBM PC, formally known as the IBM Model 5150, was based on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used Microsofts MS-DOS operating system. An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. Three types of the M3 were available two types that measured either temperature or pressure and one that could take images. Answer early modern period 1700 ad to 1899 ad 16 The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. In 1975, Scelbi introduced the 8B version with 16 KB of memory for the business market. The IBM PC-RT had 1 MB of RAM, a 1.2-megabyte floppy disk drive, and a 40 MB hard drive. Sun helped cement the model of a workstation having an Ethernet interface as well as high-resolution graphics and the UNIX operating system. The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. The computer had to be rugged and fast, with advanced circuit design and reliable packaging able to withstand the forces of a missile launch. Conceived in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, this credit card-sized computer features ease of use and simplicity making it highly popular with students and hobbyists. the _____ screen is the first screen displayed. Almost a million units were ordered on the day of release. ducing microcomputers to small and medium-sized transit operating agen-cies. The 501 is built on a 'building block' concept which allows it to be highly flexible for many different uses and could simultaneously control up to 63 tape drivesvery useful for large databases of information. microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). Programmer Arthur Samuels used the 701 to write the first computer program designed to play checkers. Named in honor of the space shuttle which broke-up on re-entry, the Columbia supercomputer is an important part of NASA's return to manned spaceflight after the 2003 disaster. Remington Rand eventually sold 46 Univac 1s at more than $1 million each. The Nova line of computers continued through the 1970s, and influenced later systems like the Xerox Alto and Apple 1. Part of the speed came from the computers design, which used 10 small computers, known as peripheral processing units, to offload the workload from the central processor. C. The device's success led to the creation of MIT Lincoln Laboratory in 1951. The first VAIO, a desktop computer, featured an additional 3D interface on top of the Windows 95 operating system as a way of attracting new users. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? The Manchester Mark I used more than 1,300 vacuum tubes and occupied an area the size of a medium room. Before its decommissioning in 1952, the SSEC produced the moon position tables used in early planning of the 1969 Apollo XII moon landing. The ATX is the most commonly used form factor today. Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip. Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. The Tandem-16 eventually led to the Non-Stop series of systems, which were used for early ATMs and to monitor stock trades. It had 32 KB of memory and sold for $8,000. The Librascope division of defense contractor General Precision buys Frankels design, renaming it the LGP-30 in 1956. !" "The only app I use when I need to get down to business." Five times faster than its predecessor, the 8008, the Intel 8080 could address four times as many bytes for a total of 64 kilobytes. Term. Survey of Operating Systems Chapter #1 Flashcards | Quizlet During World War II, the US Navy approaches the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) about building a flight simulator to train bomber crews. The first large-scale computer communications network, SAGE connects 23 hardened computer sites in the US and Canada. By the mid-1960s, nearly half of all computers in the world were IBM 1401s. What was the first computer software and how was it made? At the top of the line was the Model 7030, also known as "Stretch." Conceived by Harvard physics professor Howard Aiken, and designed and built by IBM, the Harvard Mark 1 is a room-sized, relay-based calculator. Curt Herzstark was an Austrian engineer who worked in his familys manufacturing business until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1943. Question 13. Dollars. Intel released the 80486 microprocessor and the i860 RISC/coprocessor chip, each of which contained more than 1 million transistors.