The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. The thyrohyoid muscle also elevates the larynxs thyroid cartilage, whereas the sternothyroid depresses it. The muscle acts to supinate the forearm and forms the lateral border of the cubital fossa. Like how the sartorious muscle is the only . These different roles can be described as agonists (or prime movers), antagonists, or synergists. O: opponens pollicis. The common flexor origin is the medial epicondyle. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster.
Major Muscles Song Anatomy Mnemonics - Registered Nurse RN Naming Skeletal Muscles | How are Muscles Named? The palmar aponeurosis helps resist shearing forces applied to the palm, such as climbing and tool use. Latissimus dorsi muscle :This is a large, fan shaped superficial muscle which has a large area of origin. The muscles of the neck are categorized according to their position relative to the hyoid bone (Figure 11.4.7). Both these muscles are known as the punching muscles as they contribute to radial deviation of the wrist, which is essential for boxers.
Levator Ani Muscle - Physiopedia It also flexes the MP and wrist joints, although these are its secondary functions. The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. Insertion inferior border of 12th rib and iliolumbar ligament and ((transverse process of L1-L4)) It inserts onto the medial border of the scapula just superior to the rhomboid major. It acts to pronate the forearm and weakly flex the elbow. Don't forget to quiz yourself on the forearm flexors and extensors to consolidate your knowledge! The Tissue Level of Organization, Chapter 6. , My origin is the iliac crest, posterior sacrum, inferior lumbar, and sacral spinous processes. The intrinsic muscles of the hand contain the origin and insertions within the carpal and metacarpal bones. It is the chief medial rotator of the shoulder and modulates the movement of the deltoid. The hand is truly the epitome of anatomical complexity. The styloglossus originates on the styloid process of the temporal bone, and allows upward and backward motion. Pectoralis major muscle :This is a superficial, large, fan shaped muscle that makes up the bulk of the pectoral (chest) region. Memorizethe superficial forearm flexors usingthe followingmnemonic! The long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle and consists of mainly type 2b fibers.
Trunk Muscles Tables PDF.docx - MUSCLE NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION 3 in extensor compartment of arm: 3 heads of triceps (long, medial, lateral), 3 thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis (+adductor pollicis), 3 hypothenar muscles: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minmi (+palmaris brevis), 3 metacarpal muscles: dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, lumbricals, 3 abductors of digits: dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi, Flexor carpi radialis muscle (cross-sectional view) -National Library of Medicine, Superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis muscle (ventral view) -Yousun Koh, Lumbrical muscles of the hand (ventral view) -Yousun Koh. Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm. Reviewer: Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Place your finger on your eyebrows at the point of the bridge of the nose. It has numerous muscles and has a complex range of movements. Brachioradialis muscle:This muscle lies between the flexor and extensor compartments of the forearm.
All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Forearm muscle origins on humerus: Supinator, Medial Tricep, Lateral Tricep, Pronator, Brachialis. Here's a mnemonic to help you remember the innervation of the lumbricals more easily! It inserts onto the coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna. The muscles of the back and neck that move the vertebral column are complex, overlapping, and can be divided into five groups. Its innervation is from the upper suprascapular nerve. The muscle forms the posterior axillary fold and rotates in order to insert onto the floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. It can be difficult to learn the names and locations of the major muscles. Diaphragm *Note the distinction between internal and innermost intercostal. It is innervated by the deep branch of the radial nerve. The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, Chapter 13. Iliococcygeus is a thin sheet of muscle that traverses the pelvic canal from the tendinous arch of the levator ani to the midline iliococcygeal raphe where it joins with the muscle of the other side and connects with the superior surface of the sacrum and coccyx. It is also innervated by the median nerve. John has taught college science courses face-to-face and online since 1994 and has a doctorate in physiology. All interossei are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve, which enters the palm through Guyons canal, a tunnel formed by the pisiform and hook of hamate. It acts to extend the wrist and also contributes to radial deviation of the wrist. However, the scapula is integral to the movement of the shoulder via the rotator cuffand additional muscles. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. It arises from the flexor retinaculum, scaphoid tubercle, and trapezium. Muscles of the shoulder and upper limb can be divided into four groups: muscles that stabilize and position the pectoral girdle, muscles that move the arm, muscles that move the forearm, and muscles that move the wrists, hands, and fingers. You'll find this conveniently illustrated on the cheat sheets. This deep muscle arises from the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts onto the medial surface of the humeral diaphysis (shaft). Tap the Skeletal System Icon, and press the Plus button until you come to the Origin and Insertion layer (the fourth layers of the system). The forearm is the region between the elbow and thewrist and is composed of an extensor and flexor compartment. Click the card to flip . It is innervated by the medial (C8-T1) and lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves. Agonists, or prime movers, are responsible for the bulk of the action. These final muscles make up your calf. Thenar eminence:It consists of three muscle: flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and the opponens pollicis. It is important to note that the scapula does articulate with the acromial end of the clavicle forming the acromioclavicular joint (AC joint), as well as the humeral head with the scapular glenoid cavity (fossa) which forms the glenohumeral joint. Get your muscle charts below. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed; elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed; Posterior belly; facial nerve Anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, Elevates and retracts hyoid; elongates floor of mouth, Elevates floor of mouth in initial stage of swallowing, Depresses mandible when hyoid; elevates and protracts hyoid when mandible is fixed, Depresses hyoid after it has been elevated, Depresses the hyoid during swallowing and speaking, Depresses hyoid; Elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed, Depresses larynx after it has been elevated in swallowing and vocalization, Temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone, Unilaterally tilts head up and to the opposite side; Bilaterally draws head forward and down, Occiput between the superior and inferior nuchal line, Extends and rotates the head to the opposite side, Posterior rami of middle cervical and thoracic nerves, Unilaterally and ipsilaterally flexes and rotates the head; Bilaterally extends head, Posterior margin of mastoid process and temporal bone, Extends and hyperextends head; flexes and rotates the head ipsilaterally, Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves (C6 to T4), Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head forward, Individually: rotates head to opposite side; bilaterally: flexion, Individually: laterally flexes and rotates head to same side; bilaterally: extension, Transverse and articular processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra, Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head backward, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra. The orbicularis oris is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle that closes the eye. Muscle: Extensor pollicis brevis. The tendon of the muscle passes in its own tunnel to enter the palm and it inserts onto the base of the 1st distal phalanx. The neurovascular bundle (intercostal nerve, artery and vein) will separate these two muscles. The suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth, and the larynx during deglutition. F lexor digitorum profundus muscle:It rises from the anterior proximal surface of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane and deep fascia of the forearm. Origin: Inferior angle of scapula. There are several small facial muscles, one of which is the corrugator supercilii, which is the prime mover of the eyebrows. Muscles that move the eyeballs are extrinsic, meaning they originate outside of the eye and insert onto it. The hand serves as the origin and/or insertion for a vast number of muscles. Manifestations are limited movement of the shoulder and severe pain. It is also capable of weakly supinating and pronating the forearm. Flashcard Maker: sean bennet. This is a bony deformity of the finger or toes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and trauma to the end of the extended finger. The muscle then descends inferiorly to insert into the radial tuberosity of the radius as well as help create the bicipital aponeurosis, an expansion that inserts into the deep fascia of the forearm and onto the ulna. Oftentimes, synergist muscles are needed to get a particular action started. Do you find it difficult to memorize the muscles of the hand? Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. Hip Muscles | Anatomy, Support & Movement, Pectoralis Major Action, Function, Insertion & Origin, Erector Spinae Action, Origin & Insertion | Iliocostalis, Longissimus & Spinalis, Teres Major Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Teres Major Location, Multifidus Muscle | Origin, Insertion & Action, Pectoralis Minor | Origin, Action & Insertion, Establishing Boundaries in Massage Therapy, Deltoid Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Deltoid Muscle Function. The first grouping of the axial muscles you will review includes the muscles of the head and neck, then you will review the muscles of the vertebral column, and finally you will review the oblique and rectus muscles. We will use examples to describe how the origin and insertion affect the action of a skeletal muscle. The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. succeed. It also acts as an extensor of the wrist and radial deviator. The sternocleidomastoid divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles. Finally, a reliable source (and good looking too!). insertion: spinus process of scapula There are two main ones, so lets break em in half. The muscle has a frontal belly and an occipital belly (near the occipital bone on the posterior part of the skull). My insertion is transverse processes C1-C4, mastoid process, and occipital bone. The shoulder is most unstable in extension and external rotation. Subjects: action comments insertion muscles nerve origin skeletal . Conventionally, a muscle origin describes the attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone. Franchesca Druggan BA, MSc Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. This necrosis lead to a flattened thenar eminence (thumb mound palmar surface). copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. When the whole muscle acts as a unit it acts as a medial rotator and adductor the arm at the shoulder.